| 摘要 | 作为艺术史中极具争议的画作, 库尔贝的《世界的起源》在其创作之初便被私人收藏者用各种方式隐藏起来。该画的最后一位私人收藏者为法国精神分析学家雅克·拉康, 拉康不仅匿名收藏了画作, 同时也在其收藏期间拒绝将画作向外界公开, 因而在艺术史研究中该画杳无音讯, 只有通过回溯的方式才能寻找其踪迹。二十世纪八十年代左右, 对于《世界的起源》的研究不断推进, 在此过程中, 拉康收藏的消息逐渐传出, 正是这些证明拉康收藏行为的传言为《世界的起源》的研究提供了全新的立场和视角———精神分析的方法。在拉康去世后该画进入奥赛美术馆被公开展出, 自此艺术史家对其的研究更为全面, 不仅在传统的研究方法中考证画作的流传历史, 也在精神分析、女性主义的视角下探寻库尔贝的创作意义, 可以说, 对画作的遮蔽行为和艺术史的追溯行为共同构成了《世界的起源》的观看历史。本文即从已有的精神分析研究出发, 试图将重点放在这段观看历史之上, 分析用于遮盖的“帘子”在其中的特殊作用, 并以这段历史为基础返回到库尔贝的创作环境、创作意图, 甚至他所提出的现实主义之中, 重思库尔贝的独特性以及《世界的起源》的独创性。 |
| Abstract | As one of the most controversial paintings in the history of art, Courbet' s The Origin of the World was hidden from private collectors in various ways from the very beginning of its creation. The last private owner of the painting was the French psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan, who not only collected the painting anonymously, but also refused to disclose it to the public during the period of his collection. As a result, the painting was lost to art historical research, with its traces only retrievable through retrospective means. Around the 1980s, the study of The Origin of the World continued to advance, during which news of Lacan' s collection gradually spread, and it was these rumors that proved Lacan' s collecting behavior. that provided a brand-new stance and perspective for the study of The Origin of the World———the psychoanalytic approach. After Lacan' s death, the painting was publicly exhibited in the Musée d' Orsay, and since then art historians have studied it more comprehensively, not only verifying the history of the painting' s circulation in traditional research methods, but also exploring Courbet' s creative significance from a psychoanalytic, feminist perspective. It can be said that the act of covering up the painting and the act of tracing back the history of it together constitutes The Origin of the World’s viewing history. Starting from the existing psychoanalytic studies, this article attempts to focus on this viewing history, analyze the special role of the “veil” used to cover the painting, and use this history as a basis to return to Courbet' s creative environment, creative intention, and even his proposed realism, to rethink Courbet' s uniqueness and the originality of The Origin of the World. |
| DOI | 10.48014/aas.20250108003 |
| 文章类型 | 研究性论文 |
| 收稿日期 | 2025-01-08 |
| 接收日期 | 2025-02-14 |
| 出版日期 | 2025-03-28 |
| 关键词 | 拉康, 库尔贝, 精神分析, 观看行为 |
| Keywords | Lacan, Courbet, psychoanalysis, viewing behavior |
| 作者 | 黄小凡 |
| Author | HUANG Xiaofan |
| 所在单位 | 中央美术学院 人文学院, 北京 100105 |
| Company | School of humanities, Central Academy of Fine Arts, Beijing 100105, China |
| 浏览量 | 122 |
| 下载量 | 37 |
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| 引用本文 | 黄小凡. 隐秘的开放———库尔贝《世界的起源》与拉康[J]. 艺术学研究进展, 2025, 2(1): 22-50. |
| Citation | HUANG Xiaofan. Hidden Opening: Gustave Courbet’s L' Origine du monde and Lacan[J]. Advances in Art Science, 2025, 2(1): 22-50. |