本文以纳尔逊·古德曼的艺术符号理论为基础, 旨在探究艺术图像激发审美欣赏的内在机制。首先, 文章指出在艺术中的图像符号具有降低透明程度的“半透明性”特质, 此特质源于图像中表意符号与非符号性物质元素的并存, 这是由图像视觉表面与符号构成层面之间符号“密集性”的差异所导致的。结合古德曼提出的“审美症状”, 进一步讨论符号的半透明性作为这些审美症状的共性, 是如何直接导致了观者在识别图像时会产生“认知纠结”。这种认知上的不确定性, 是激发审美欣赏的起点。之后, 以艺术史上的图像作品为例, 具体分析审美欣赏的渐进路径, 是从“认知纠结”逐步发展为对创作意图与形式选择进行追问的“审美纠结”。

Based on Nelson Goodman' s theory of artistic symbols, this paper investigates the intrinsic mechanism through which pictorial art stimulates aesthetic appreciation. Firstly, it posits that pictorial symbols in art are characterized by a “semi-transparency” that reduces the transparency of symbols. This property originates from the coexistence of signifying symbols and non-symbolic material elements within the picture, a condition resulting from the differential “density” of symbols between the image' s visual surface and its symbolic constitution. Connecting this with Goodman' s “symptoms of the aesthetic, ” this paper further argues that the semi-transparency of symbols, as a common ground of these symptoms, directly induces the puzzle of recognition in viewers during pictorial recognition. This cognitive indeterminacy constitutes the very starting point for triggering aesthetic appreciation. Subsequently, using examples from art history, this paper analyzes the progress of aesthetic appreciation, demonstrating how it develops from the initial puzzle in cognition to an uncognitive, aesthetic experience of pictures, which is generally embodied in inquiries into artistic intention and formal choices.