荷尔德林与古希腊的关系在其创作中呈现出多样的形态, 而阿喀琉斯则是这一关系的重要体现之一。尽管哀歌《阿喀琉斯》是荷尔德林借重阿喀琉斯的最主要体现, 但不可忽视的是, 阿喀琉斯在荷尔德林早期的诗歌、小说《许佩里翁》及其未定稿, 以及后期诗作之中都不鲜见。阿喀琉斯这一形象可以作为考察荷尔德林与古希腊之关系的视角, 一窥其整体创作中在个人命运体验和悲痛遭遇的建构、古希腊理想人格的追求, 乃至从中表现这些理想追求的失败遭遇, 由此具体而综合地再思荷尔德林对古希腊的复杂态度。

The relationship of Friedrich Hölderlin with ancient Greece assumes multifaceted forms across his creative oeuvre, and the figure of Achilles stands as a pivotal embodiment thereof. While the elegy Achill constitutes Hölderlin' s most substantial engagement with the hero, it is crucial to note that Achilles appears persistently—from the early poetry and the novel Hyperion (including its drafts) to the later poetic works. The Achilles figure thus provides a critical vantage point for examining Hölderlin' s engagement with antiquity. It affords insights into his construction of personal destiny and tragic experience, his quest for the ancient Greek ideal of personhood, and, ultimately, the representation of the failure inherent in such idealistic pursuits. Through this lens, one gains a nuanced and holistic reconsideration of Hölderlin' s complex stance toward ancient Greece.