土壤修复治理是生态环境修复中的重要一环, 尤其在高原高寒恶劣环境条件下尤为重要, 加入特殊材质改善土壤环境, 使土质得以提升, 有利于植被生长和生态改善; 煤矸石作为煤炭资源开发利用流程中的固态废弃物, 同时也是一种新型的土壤修复改良材料, 在治理污染土壤、提高土壤质量、改善生态系统等方面具有天然优势和巨大潜力; 本次工作以受沙漠化影响的高原地区俊巴村作为修复试验的观测区位, 在区内设置两组样地作对比试验, 其中加入煤矸石材料 (保水剂120g和煤矸石) 的一组作为一号样地, 未加入煤矸石材料 (保水剂120g) 的对照组作为二号样地, 在同密度播种下, 经过长期观察测量可知, 一号样地植被 (优势植被菊叶香藜98株、披碱草97株) 发育数量明显优于二号样地 (优势植被菊叶香藜38株、披碱草24株) , 且长势状况亦优于二号样地 (一号样地披碱草叶宽0. 6cm、二号样地披碱草叶宽0. 3cm) ; 从而可以说明, 煤矸石在高原地区土壤修复中有积极有效的作用, 建议在其他类似环境下, 进行土壤修复的推广使用。

Soil remediation is an important part of ecological environment restoration, especially important in the harsh environmental conditions in the high and cold plateau. Adding special materials to improve the soil environment can improve the soil quality, which is conducive to vegetation growth and ecological improvement. As a solid waste in the process of coal resource development and utilization, coal gangue is also a new type of soil remediation and improvement material, which has natural advantages and great potential in controlling contaminated soil, improving soil quality and improving ecosystem. In this work, Junba Village in the plateau area affected by desertification was taken as the observation location of the restoration test, and two groups of sample plots were set up in the area for comparison tests. One group with coal gangue materials (water retaining agent 120g and coal gangue) was taken as the No. 1 plot, and the control group without coal gangue materials (water retaining agent 120g) was taken as the No. 2 plot. After longterm observation and measurement, the development quantity of vegetation in sample No. 1 (98 dominants and 97 dominants) was obviously better than that in sample No. 2 (38 dominants and 24 dominants) , and the growth status was also better than that in sample No. 1 (0. 6 cm in leaf width of alkali-grass) and that in sample No. 2 (0. 3 cm in leaf width of alkali-grass) . Thus, it can be shown that coal gangue has a positive and effective role in soil remediation in the plateau areas, and it is suggested to popularize the use of soil remediation in other similar environments.