甘肃阳山金矿床为西秦岭成矿带超大型金矿床, 累计金蓄积量已达400吨; 调查分析安坝-葛条湾矿段内土壤环境状况, 为矿山建设开发治理提供参考依据。综合考虑区内地形地貌、覆被类型、土壤用途类型、土壤种类等方面, 共采集120件样品 (95件水平剖面样, 25件垂直剖面样) , 从水平和垂直两个方向维度对研究区立体评价土壤重金属元素As、Cd、Hg、Pb分布特征及变化规律, 同时对比分析了土壤中F和Se元素分布特征。研究结果: (1) 区内元素As含量值超标, 其余重金属元素在土壤质量等级二级以上, 其中安坝地区土壤重金属As元素超标率为15%, 葛条湾As元素超标率为84%; (2) As、F、Se元素含量均值高于陇南市背景值, 推测与研究区劣质水评价中出现高砷水、高氟水有明显的关联; (3) 矿区内土壤中As元素含量超标与金赋存含砷矿物有关, 矿山后期建设开发需着重考虑As元素污染问题。

The Yangshan gold deposit in Gansu province is a super large gold deposit in the West Qinling metallogenic belt, with a cumulative gold accumulation of 400 tons. The soil environment conditions in Anba- Getiaowan ore section were investigated and analyzed to provide a reference basis for mine construction, development and treatment. A total of 120 samples (95 horizontal profile samples and 25 vertical profile samples) were collected, taking into account the topography, cover type, soil use type and soil type in the study area, and the distribution characteristics and change patterns of soil heavy metals As, Cd, Hg and Pb in the study area were evaluated sterically from both horizontal and vertical dimensions. Meanwhile, the distribution characteristics of F and Se elements in soil were compared and analyzed. The results of the study showed that: (1) the value of heavy metal elements As exceeded the standard, and the rest of the heavy metal elements were above the second grade of soil quality, among which the exceedance rate of heavy metal elements As in Anba area was 15%, and that in Getiaowan area was 84%; (2) the average value of As, F and Se content was higher than the background value of Longnan City, which was speculated to be significantly related to the presence of high arsenic and high fluorine water in the evaluation of poor quality water in the study area; (3) the excessive content of As element in the soil in the mining area is related to the occurrence of arsenic-containing minerals in gold, and As element pollution problem should be emphasized in the later construction and development of the mine.