作为青藏高原主体区域, 西藏自治区地质构造活动强烈、地形地貌复杂、气候条件特殊, 是我国地质灾害高易发、高危害重点区域。在全球气候变暖与区域重大工程建设双重背景下, 滑坡、崩塌、泥石流等常规灾害与冰湖溃决、冻土融沉等高原特有灾害交织叠加, 呈现链式触发、全域扩散的演化特征。本文立足西藏地质灾害发育规律与分布特点, 系统总结防治工作成效, 深入剖析监测精度、治理效能、技术支撑等方面的短板瓶颈, 提出适配高寒环境的精细化、智能化、生态化综合防治策略, 为筑牢区域地质安全屏障、保障边疆高质量发展提供理论与实践支撑。 

As the main part of the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau, the Xizang Autonomous Region features intense geological tectonic activities, complex landforms, and special climatic conditions, making it a key area with high susceptibility to and high risk from geological disasters in China. Against the dual background of global climate warming and major regional engineering construction, conventional disasters such as landslides, collapses, and debris flows are intertwined and superimposed with plateau-specific disasters including glacial lake outbursts and permafrost thaw subsidence, showing evolutionary characteristics of chain-triggered and widespread regional diffusion. Based on the development patterns and distribution characteristics of geological disasters in Xizang, this paper systematically summarizes the achievements in disaster prevention and control, deeply analyzes the bottlenecks and shortcomings in monitoring accuracy, governance effectiveness, and technical support, and puts forward refined, intelligent, and ecological comprehensive prevention and control strategies adapted to the alpine environment. It provides theoretical and practical support for consolidating the regional geological safety barrier and safeguarding the high-quality development of border areas.