黑洞是宇宙中极端物理研究的实验室, 探测黑洞是目前国际最前沿的科学目标之一。球状星团是银河系中年老的自引力束缚天体系统, 内部包含上百万颗恒星, 恒星密度很高。球状星团中已经观测到存在几百颗脉冲星天体, 但至今黑洞是否存在于球状星团中依然是个未解之谜。球状星团中在中心可能存在一颗中等质量黑洞, 黑洞质量范围是一千到一万倍太阳质量。同时球状星团中可能存在大量的恒星级黑洞, 这些黑洞的存在将影响球状星团的演化, 并在球状星团中形成一些特殊天体, 从而可以被天文观测设备观测和证实。本文将重点阐述在球状星团中黑洞存在的可能观测特征及对球状星团性质的影响。黑洞与寄主球状星团通过动力学耦合在一起, 球状星团是形成黑洞X射线双星和引力波源的重要场所, 同时黑洞会改变寄主星团的动力学结构与演化进程。因此搜寻X射线源, 探测引力波信号, 研究球状星团的特征是探测球状星团中黑洞的重要天文证据。

Black holes are the laboratory for extreme physics research in the universe, and the detection of black holes is one of the most cutting-edge international scientific goals at present. Globular clusters are old, self-gravity-bound object systems in the Milky Way that contain millions of stars with a high stellar densities inside. Hundreds of pulsar objects have been observed in globular clusters, but the existence of black holes in globular clusters remains an unsolved mystery. A globular cluster may have an intermediatemass black hole at its centre, with masses ranging from 1, 000 to 10, 000 times solar masses. At the same time, there may be a large number of stellar black holes in globular clusters, which will affect the evolution of globular clusters and form. some special objects in globular clusters, which can be observed and confirmed by astronomical observation equipment. This paper will focus on the possible observational features of the presence of black holes in globular clusters and their effects on the properties of globular clusters. Black holes are coupled with their host globular clusters through dynamics, which are important sites for the formation of black hole X-ray binaries and gravitational wave sources, and black holes change the dynamical structure and evolutionary processes of their host clusters. Therefore, searching for X-ray sources, detecting gravitational wave signals, and studying the characteristics of globular clusters are important astronomical evidence for detecting black holes in globular clusters.