乡村可持续发展研究亟须对地方实践的深度解析, 案例研究在揭示作用机制、阐释区域差异与评估政策效果方面具有不可替代价值。然而, 现有研究普遍存在理论框架随意、案例设计不规范、证据链薄弱及跨案例可比性不足等问题。本文通过系统文献综述, 梳理案例研究从描述性解释向机制识别、单一方法向混合方法、静态分析向多尺度动态分析的演进趋势, 提出增强跨案例可比性、嵌入因果推断设计、融合遥感与社会调查等多源数据、建设标准化结构案例库等创新方向。结合枣庄市资源型地区乡村转型的典型情境, 探索适配地方异质性需求的案例选择、证据组织与分析路径, 旨在推动形成兼具可解释性、可比较性与政策可转移性的乡村可持续发展实证研究范式。 

Rural sustainable development research urgently requires in-depth analysis of local practices, and case studies hold irreplaceable value in revealing mechanisms, explaining regional differences, and evaluating policy effects. However, existing research commonly suffers from arbitrary theoretical frameworks, non-standardized case designs, weak evidence chains, and insufficient cross-case comparability. Through a systematic literature review, this paper traces the evolutionary trends in case study research—from descriptive explanation to mechanism identification, from single-method to mixed-methods approaches, and from static analysis to multi-scale dynamic analysis. It proposes innovative directions such as enhancing crosscase comparability, embedding causal inference designs, integrating multi-source data including remote sensing and social surveys, and developing standardized structured case databases. Taking the typical context of rural transformation in Zaozhuang—a resource-based region—as an example, this study explores case selection, evidence organization, and analytical pathways adapted to local heterogeneous needs, aiming to promote an empirical research paradigm for rural sustainable development that is interpretable, comparable, and policy-transferable.