在国家大力推进新质生产力发展的战略背景下, 中医药产业的现代化转型迎来了历史性机遇。本文基于新质生产力理论, 构建“政策环境—科技人才与产业链结构—现代化水平”的系统分析框架, 并通过面向中医药领域从业者的问卷调研数据, 运用结构方程模型 (SEM) 进行实证检验。研究发现: (1) 政策环境是驱动中医药产业现代化的根本驱动力; (2) 科技人才是比产业链结构更为关键的传导枢纽, 其创新能力与持续学习能力是当前的主要短板; (3) 产业链内部发展不协调, 上游种植供应与下游服务终端相对滞后; (4) 尽管科研活跃, 但科技成果向产业效益转化的能力偏弱。基于此, 本文提出应将发展中医药新质生产力提升为国家战略, 通过建立高层级协调机制、重构人才培养体系、构建有组织的创新生态、完善标准与金融支持等系统性举措, 推动中医药产业实现高质量、跨越式发展。 

Driven by the national strategy to vigorously promote new quality productive forces, the modernization of the Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) industry is facing a historic opportunity. Grounded in the theory of new quality productive forces, this paper constructs a systematic analysis framework linking “policy environment, ” “scientific and technological talent and industrial chain structure, ” and “modernization level. ” Using survey data from TCM practitioners, this paper empirically tests this framework through Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) . The findings reveal that: (1) the policy environment serves as the fundamental driver of TCM industry modernization; (2) scientific and technological talent acts as a more critical transmission hub than the industrial chain structure, with innovation capability and continuous learning capacity identified as current major shortcomings; (3) the internal development of the industrial chain is uncoordinated, as upstream cultivation and supply, along with downstream service terminals, are relatively lagging; and (4) despite active scientific research, the ability to translate scientific and technological achievements into industrial benefits remains weak. Consequently, this paper proposes elevating the development of new quality productive forces in the TCM industry to a national strategy. It recommends systematic measures—such as establishing high-level coordination mechanisms, reconstructing talent cultivation systems, building organized innovation ecosystems, and improving standards and financial support— to promote high-quality, leapfrog development in the TCM industry.