水科学是研究水的交叉学科, 涉及学科门类多, 研究范畴广, 是与人类生存、经济社会发展和自然界繁衍生息密切相关的一门学科。但因其复杂性、广泛性、多学科性, 目前对“水科学”一词说得多、用得多, 但不规范。因此, 需要从宏观层面和学科综合层面进一步梳理其概念, 构建其学科体系。本文在前期大量资料分析的基础上, 总结2011年以来的有关论文、论著和学术交流成果, 对水科学的概念和研究范畴进行解读和界定, 阐述水科学的学科体系, 介绍《中国水科学研究进展报告》反映的我国水科学研究现状和展望, 并从5个方面阐述未来水科学发展趋势, 提出5方面的未来水科学发展特点。可为进一步规范水科学研究范畴、分析水科学学科体系、规划未来发展方向提供参考。

Water science is an interdisciplinary science specializing in the study of water, and it involves many disciplines and a wide range of research areas. It is a science closely related to human survival, economic and social development, and the wellbeing and reproduction of nature and its all inhabitants. However, due to its complexity, universality, and multidisciplinary nature, the term “water science” has been widely mentioned and used but not standardized. Therefore, it is necessary to further sort out its concept and build its discipline system from the macro level and the level of disciplinary synthesis. Based on a large amount of data analysis, this paper summarized the relevant articles, monographs, and academic communication results since 2011 to propose an interpretation and define the concept and research scope of water science. Then, the discipline system of water science was elaborated, and the current research status and the prospect of water science in China as reflected in the “Report on the Progress of Water Science Research in China” was introduced. In addition, the future development trend of water science was expounded from five aspects, and five future development characteristics of water were then proposed. The research results can provide a reference for further standardizing the scope of water science research, analyzing the discipline system of water science, and shedding light to future development direction.