随着我国社会发展与城市化进程加快, 人口流动频繁, 留守儿童和流动儿童群体应运而生, 其心理健康面临诸多挑战, 引起社会广泛关注。本研究以 2005—2024 年为时间跨度, 分别在中国 知网和 Web of Science 数据库, 以特定主题词检索相关文献, 运用 CiteSpace 文献计量分析和文献 综述法展开研究。流动儿童社会服务包括教育支持、社区服务、心理咨询、家庭辅导等模式; 留守 儿童社会服务包括社区空间营造、课后服务、代理家长制度、社会捐赠和关爱活动及专业社会工作 服务等。影响因素方面, 流动儿童需融入城市, 服务提供者多样但资源受流动性影响, 服务侧重互 动; 留守儿童渴望情感支持, 服务提供者以教师和志愿者为主, 资源匮乏, 方式传统。成效上, 流动 儿童在心理、行为、家庭关系和社会交往等方面均有改善; 留守儿童也有积极变化但受限于服务持 续性与深度。研究发现当前两类儿童服务存在诸多问题, 如资源分配严重不均, 城市与农村以及 不同地区间服务资源差距大; 协同机制不完善, 政府、学校、社会组织等主体缺乏有效沟通协作, 出 现服务重复或空白, 降低效率效益。未来应优化服务实践, 针对流动儿童, 流入地与流出地要深度 合作, 建立信息共享平台; 针对留守儿童, 加大农村资源投入, 建设专业设施, 利用技术搭建亲子互 动平台。通过这些措施解决现存问题, 提升两类儿童心理健康社会服务的整体水平, 切实保障他 们的心理健康权益, 助力其全面成长与社会融入。 

With the acceleration of China􀆳s social development and urbanization process, population mobility has become frequent, giving rise to the groups of left-behind children and migrant children.Their mental health faces numerous challenges and has attracted widespread social attention.This study, spanning from 2005 to 2024, retrieved relevant literature from the China National Knowledge Infrastructure(CNKI)and Web of Science databases using specific keywords, and conducted research using CiteSpace bibliometric analysis and the literature review method.In terms of social service models, migrant children have models such as educational support, community services, psychological counseling, and family tutoring.Left-behind children have models including community space creation, after-school services, the surrogate parent system, social donations and care activities, and professional social work services.In terms of influencing factors, migrant children need to integrate into the city.The service providers are diverse, but the resources are affected by mobility, and the services emphasize interaction.Left-behind children are eager for emotional support.The service providers are mainly teachers and volunteers, with scarce resources and traditional service methods.In terms of effectiveness, migrant children have shown improvements in psychology, behavior, family relationships, and social interactions.Left-behind children also have positive changes but are limited by the continuity and depth of services.The study found that there are many problems in the current services for these two types of children.For example, the distribution of resources is extremely uneven, with large gaps in service resources between cities and rural areas and among different regions.The coordination mechanism is imperfect.The main bodies such as the government, schools, and social organizations lack effective communication and cooperation, resulting in service duplication or gaps and reducing efficiency and effectiveness.In the future, service practices should be optimized.For migrant children, the inflow and outflow areas should cooperate in depth to establish an information sharing platform.For left-behind children, more resources should be invested in rural areas to build professional facilities and use technology to build a parent-child interaction platform.Through these measures, the existing problems can be solved, the overall level of mental health social services for these two types of children can be improved, their mental health rights and interests can be effectively protected, and their all-round growth and social integration can be facilitated