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2025年6月12日 星期四
微生物肥料在中草药种植中的应用进展
Advances in the Application of Microbial Fertilizer in the Cultivation of Chinese Herbal Medicine
中国生态环境保护进展  2024年第2卷第3期 页码[22-32]    下载全文[0.7MB]  [HTML]  
摘要

近年来, 中草药种植业发展迅速, 但由连作障碍导致的产量和品质下降, 已经成为制约该行业发展的重要因素, 而施用微生物肥料是缓解中草药植物连作障碍、提高中草药产量和品质的有效手段。微生物肥料指含有特定微生物的新型有机肥料, 其在促进植物生长发育、发展绿色农业、支持农业可持续发展方面具有巨大的优势。本文概述了微生物肥料的概念、分类和微生物的组成及其功能, 综述了中草药植物连作障碍产生的原因以及微生物肥料在中草药种植中的应用性研究, 揭示了微生物肥料通过改善土壤养分、防治病原微生物、降解化感自毒物质等方式促进中草药的生长、缓解连作障碍, 从而提高中草药的产量和品质等机制。此外, 本文还综述了微生物肥料在 中草药种植业中的局限性及其未来的发展趋势, 尽管微生物肥料目前仍存在许多不足之处, 但未来纳米技术、宏基因组学等技术的发展会促进微生物肥料在中草药种植业的进一步应用, 为中药材无公害化种植提供发展条件。

Abstract

In recent years, the cultivation of Chinese herbs has seen rapid development, however, the decline in yield and quality due to the issue of continuous cropping has emerges as a significant barrier to the industry progress. The application of microbial fertilizers is an effective method to alleviate the problem of repeated cultivation in Chinese herb plants and improving their yield and quality. Microbiological fertilizers refer to a novel type of organic fertilizer containing specific microorganisms, which have great advantages in promoting plant growth and development, developing green agriculture, and supporting sustainable agriculture. This review summarizes the research on the applicability of microbial fertilizers in Chinese herb cultivation, revealing the mechanisms by which microbial fertilizers promote the growth of Chinese herbs, alleviate the problem of repeated cultivation, and improve their yield and quality by improving soil nutrients, preventing pathogenic microorganisms, and degrading allelopathic toxins. Furthermore, this review also outlines the limitations of microbial fertilizers in Chinese medicinal herb cultivation and their future development trends. Despite the existing shortcomings of microbial fertilizers, advancements in nanotechnology and metagenomics are poised to propel further application in Chinese medicinal herb cultivation, paving the way for the environmentally friendly farming practice.  

DOI10.48014/pceep.20240909001
文章类型综 述
收稿日期2024-09-10
接收日期2024-09-16
出版日期2024-09-28
关键词微生物肥料, 植物促生菌, 中草药, 连作障碍, 生物防治
KeywordsMicrobial fertilizer, plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria, Chinese herbal medicine, continuous cropping obstacles, biological control
作者许祺龙1,2, 曹建喜3,*, 尹哲玉2, 刘子嫣1,2, 王建城4,*
AuthorXU Qilong1,2, CAO Jianxi3,*, YIN Zheyu2, LIU Ziyan1,2, WANG Jiancheng4,*
所在单位1. 中国科学院大学中丹学院, 北京 100049
2. 中国科学院生态环境研究中心, 北京 100085
3. 唐山市生态环境局丰润分局, 唐山 064000
4. 滨州魏桥国科高等技术研究院, 滨州 256606.
Company1. Sino-Danish College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
2. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
3. Fengrun Branch of Tangshan Ecological Environment Bureau, Tangshan 064000, China
4. Binzhou Institute of Technology, Weiqiao-UCAS Science and Technology Park, Binzhou 256606, China.
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基金项目魏桥国科低碳技术专项(GYY-NYHJ-2023-WT-005)、国家重点研发计划课题(2023YFF1304101)、教育部“产学合 作协同育人”项目(BINTECH-KJZX-20220831-05)资助。
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