《女士品茶: 统计学如何变革二十世纪科学》是美国统计学家戴维·萨尔斯伯格以史学视角重构二十世纪统计革命的重要著作。本书以“女士品茶”这一经典实验为叙事起点, 系统梳理了统计学从描述性工具演变为科学推理核心范式的历程, 重点剖析了费歇尔、K·皮尔逊、戈塞特等统计学家的方法论贡献。其特色在于将复杂的统计概念置于科学史语境中, 通过案例阐明了随机性、假设检验、实验设计等核心思想的形成脉络, 揭示了统计模型对现代科学范式的重塑作用。该书不仅为统计学研究者提供了历史维度的启示, 更通过跨学科案例展现了统计思维在消解决定论、建立概率世界观中的哲学意义, 对当下数据科学时代的学科交叉研究具有重要参考价值。 

The Lady Tasting Tea: How Statistics Revolutionized Science in the Twentieth Century is an important work by American statistician David Salsburg that reconstructs the statistical revolution of the twentieth century from a historical perspective. Taking the classic “Lady Tasting Tea” experiment as its narrative starting point, the book systematically combs the evolution process of statistics from a descriptive tool to a core paradigm of scientific reasoning, with a particular focus on the methodological contributions of statisticians such as Fisher, K. Pearson, and Gosset. Its distinctive feature lies in situating complex statistical concepts within the context of the history of science. Through case studies, it elucidates the formation context of core ideas such as randomness, hypothesis testing, and experimental design, revealing the remolding effect of statistical models on modern scientific paradigms. This book not only offers enlightenment from a historical dimension for statistics researchers, but also demonstrates the philosophical significance of statistical thinking in dismantling determinism and establishing a probabilistic worldview through interdisciplinary cases. It serves as an important reference for interdisciplinary research in the current era of data science.