本文集中探讨了当代摄影创作中有关表现自然与非人的影像作品, 分析创作者们是如何关注、认识创作对象, 进而选取何种创作观念进行影像实践, 以及最终的呈现结果是怎样极大拓展了我们对于摄影可在非人议题表达的多种维度, 促进了我们在后人类时代的今天对于非人的认识论转向。使用“构建”一词, 是为了呼应在摄影的发展史中, 无论何种图像, 都是被精心构建出来的。而“构建”这一行为过程在今天的数字时代, 既包含了艺术家创作冲动的诞生、选用何种创作媒介———如基于摄影的古典工艺成像技术、传统胶片、数字摄影、静态与动态的影像, 也涉及如何制作、如何呈现、考虑如何在今天加速技术的环境中更具自反性地认识摄影媒介本身。整体上看, 这些摄影项目在非人议题的创作特点有三类: 第一种是摄影的观看作为非人的在场, 显示出摄影师转向于对非人对象的关注。第二种是数字技术的介入, 使得图像具备虚构性与虚拟性, 具有独特力量与存在意义。第三种是创作过程中突破了人类中心主义, 获得的图像是创作者更深入地与自然及非人行动者互动的结果。

This article focuses on the exploration of contemporary photographic works that represent nature and the non-human, analyzing how creators focus on and understand their creative subjects, what creative concepts they choose for their image practice, and how the final results have greatly expanded our understanding of the many dimensions of photographic expression of the non-human, and promoted our epistemological shift towards the non-human in today’s post-human era. The use of the word ‘constructed’ echoes the fact that in the history of photography, no matter what kind of image, it has always been carefully constructed. In today’s digital age, the process of ‘construction’ involves both the birth of the artist’s creative impulse, the choice of medium-such as classical craft imaging techniques based on photography, traditional film, digital photography, still and moving images-as well as the question of how to make, how to create, present, and consider how to get a more self-reflexive understanding of the medium of photography itself in today’s accelerated technological environment. Taken as a whole, these photographic projects are characterized by three types of work on the subject of the non-human: the first is the photographic view as the presence of the non-human, showing the photographer’s shift towards a focus on the non-human object. The second is the intervention of digital technology, which makes the images fictional and virtual, with unique power and existential significance. The third is the creative process that breaks through anthropocentrism, obtaining images that are the result of the creator’s deeper interaction with nature and non-human actors.