作为城镇化进程中的特殊未成年人群体, 农村留守儿童的心理健康问题备受关注, 既往研究多从农村留守儿童层面加强对其的心理健康保护, 对家庭整体如何应对亲子分离风险的情况关注甚少, 当前相应的农村留守儿童心理健康关爱服务策略大多呈现出个体本位的特点, 鲜少从家庭本位的角度去展开探索。实际上, 亲子分离仅仅是致使家庭陷入困境的一个风险因素, 在受到亲子分离风险冲击时, 家庭之所以会陷入长期的发展困境, 根源在于其缺乏韧性, 面对困境时无力应对, 也难以从中实现复原。家庭韧性不仅能有效预防儿童心理健康问题的产生, 还有助于儿童更好地与外界环境进行互动, 提高他们应对外部压力的能力, 因此有必要将提升家庭韧性纳入农村留守儿童心理健康关爱服务体系中。鉴于此, 本文围绕家庭韧性的相关研究展开了系统的评述, 发现现有的相关研究在农村留守儿童家庭韧性的内涵、测量体系以及提升机制等多个方面的关注度都有所欠缺, 并且尚未构建起能够在亲子分离这一特定情境下用于分析家庭韧性的综合性框架。基于上述研究现状, 本文提出了未来研究的三个方向, 旨在为后续进一步探究农村留守儿童家庭韧性, 完善农村留守儿童心理健康关爱服务体系提供有益的参考与借鉴, 推动农村留守儿童能够在更具韧性的家庭环境中健康成长。

As a special group of minors in the process of urbanization, the mental health of rural left-behind children has attracted a lot of attention, and previous studies have mostly strengthened the mental health protection of rural left-behind children at the level of rural left-behind children, but paid little attention to how the family as a whole can cope with the risk of parent-child separation, and most of the corresponding strategies of rural left-behind children' s mental health care and service are characterized by an individualbased approach, and few of them are explored from the perspective of a family-based approach. In fact, parent- child separation is only one of the main causes of parent-child separation. In fact, parent-child separation is only one of the risk factors that cause families to fall into difficulties, when affected by the risk of parent-child separation, families will fall into long-term developmental difficulties, the root cause is the lack of resilience, the inability to cope with the difficulties in the face of the difficult situation, it is difficult to realize the recovery from it. Family resilience can not only effectively prevent the emergence of children' s mental health problems, but also help children better interact with the external environment and improve their ability to cope with external pressures, so it is necessary to improve family resilience into the rural left-behind children' s mental health care service system. In view of the above, this paper systematically reviews the relevant research on family resilience, and finds that the existing research lacks attention to the connotation of family resilience of rural left-behind children, the measurement system, and the enhancement mechanism, etc. , and has not yet constructed a comprehensive framework for analyzing family resilience in the specific context of parent-child separation. Based on the above research status, this paper proposes three directions for future research, aiming to provide useful references and reference for further exploring the family resilience of rural left-behind children, improving the mental health care service system for rural left-behind children, and promoting the healthy growth of rural left-behind children in a more resilient family environment.