“十四五”时期是西藏自然资源领域转型升级、高质量发展、可持续发展的“五期叠加”期(关键期、推进期、转型期、深化期、攻坚期) 。针对自然资源保护与利用面临的新形势, 未来一个时期, 西藏将立足自然资源禀赋, 聚焦发展不平衡不充分问题, 围绕筑牢国家安全屏障、生态安全屏障, 积极发挥自然资源的支撑支持作用。本文通过阐述西藏自然资源保护利用现状、列举典型案例, 分析机遇和挑战, 探讨西藏自然资源保护利用优化发展的意义和总体要求, 并从生态文明建设、节约集约利用自然资源、加快战略性矿产资源储备基地建设、优化国土空间格局、完善地质灾害防治体系、深化自然资源领域改革等六方面提出了西藏自然资源保护利用发展方向, 以期为西藏高质量发展贡献自然资源力量, 切实为服务西藏“四个创建”提供有力自然资源支撑保障。

The 14th Five-year-Plan Period is the “Five Period Overlapping” for the transformation and upgrading, high-quality development, and sustainable development of natural resources in Tibet, that means critical period, promotion period, transformation period, deepening period, and tackling period. In view of the new situation faced by the protection and utilization of natural resources, in the coming period, Tibet will focus on the problem of unbalanced and inadequate development based on its natural resources endowment, and actively play a supporting role of natural resources to strengthen the firm national and ecological security barriers. This article describes the current situation of the protection and utilization of natural resources in Tibet, cites typical cases, analyzes opportunities and challenges, and explores the significance and general requirements for the optimal development of natural resource protection and utilization in Tibet. It also puts forward the development direction of natural resources protection and utilization in Tibet from six aspects, which include ecological civilization construction, conservation and intensive utilization of natural resources, accelerating the construction of strategic mineral resources reserve bases, optimizing the spatial pattern of national territory, improving prevention and control system of geological disaster, and deepening the reforms in the field of natural resources. It aims to contribute natural resources to the high-quality development of Tibet, and provide powerful natural resources support and guarantee for serving “Four Foundations” of Tibet.