中国绿色金融发展水平的时空特征、区域差异及动态演进

Spatio-Temporal Characteristics,Regional Differences and Dynamic Evolution of Green Finance Development Level in China

绿色金融作为一种融合金融和环境保护的新兴领域, 旨在通过金融工具和市场机制促进可持续发展和环境保护。中国绿色金融市场正在快速兴起, 成为全球绿色金融领域的重要力量。本文运用熵权法、Dagum基尼系数、核密度估计以及空间马尔可夫链等方法分析2010—2021中国绿色金融发展水平的时空特征、区域差异和动态演进。研究结果表明, 中国绿色金融发展水平综合指数不断提高, 绿色金融发展水平综合指数均值呈现出“东部>全国>中部>西部”的格局; 中国各省份绿色金融发展水平等级整体向上提升, 并有部分省份等级向上发生跃迁。研究期内绿色金融发展水平的区域差异不断变小, 中部地区的区域内差异最小, 东部地区的区域内差异最大。从分布动态演进可知, 中国绿色金融区域发展不均衡程度在逐渐变大, 并存在极化现象; 中国各省份绿色金融发展并非孤立存在, 各省份的绿色金融发展存在一定的依赖性; 邻近省份的绿色金融发展水平比本地区发展水平更好时, 有利于促进本地区绿色金融发展水平的提升, 并存在跨越式转移的可能性。

As an emerging field that integrates finance and environmental protection, green finance aims to promote sustainable development and environmental protection through financial instruments and market mechanisms. The Chinese green finance market is rapidly emerging as a significant force in the global green finance arena. This paper applies methods such as entropy weight method, Dagum Gini coefficient, kernel density estimation, and spatial Markov chain to analyze the spatiotemporal characteristics, regional differences, and dynamic evolution of China’s green finance development level from 2010 to 2021. The results of the study indicate that the comprehensive index of China’s green finance development level has been increasing, with the mean comprehensive index of green finance development level showing a pattern of "East >National>Central>West". The overall level of green finance development in Chinese provinces has been increasing as a whole, and the level of some provinces has been moving upwards. The regional differences in green finance development level have been decreasing over the study period, with the central region having the smallest regional differences and the eastern region having the largest. From the perspective of distribution dynamics, it can be seen that the degree of imbalance in the green finance regional development in China is gradually increasing, with polarization phenomenon existing. The green finance development of Chinese provinces does not exist in isolation, and there is a certain degree of interdependence among them. When the green finance development level of neighboring provinces is better than that of the local area, it is conducive to the improvement of the local green finance development level, and there is the possibility of leapfrogging transfer.