华南早奥陶世微生物礁中的凝块石:以宜昌黄花场剖面为例

唐浩博; TANG Haobo

doi:10.48014/cesr.20241011001

华南早奥陶世微生物礁中的凝块石:以宜昌黄花场剖面为例

Thrombolite in Early Ordovician Microbial Reef,South China: A Case Study of the Huanghuachang Section in Yichang

中国地球科学评论 2024年第3卷第4期页码[196-206] 下载全文[38.5MB] [HTML]

摘要

湖北宜昌黄花场剖面红花园组发育一套微生物礁, 微生物礁中保存有良好的微生物碳酸盐岩 (即凝块石) 。基于前人对华南早奥陶世生物礁中后生动物和后生动物群落造礁作用的研究, 本文通过野外实地考察及采样、室内磨片观察, 结合微生物礁的宏观、微观特征, 主要研究微生物礁中凝块石的形成机制。结果发现: 黄花场剖面红花园组微生物礁以凝块石为主, 伴随少量瓶筐石、石海绵、苔藓虫等后生动物化石, 代表了早奥陶世一种特殊的微生物礁类型, 即微生物礁以微生物碳酸盐岩为主, 局部有后生动物参与造礁, 是生物礁类型由微生物礁向后生动物礁过渡过程中一种特殊的生物礁类型。同时, 凝块石的内部发现有大量的钙化蓝细菌化石, 如葛万菌、束线菌及努亚藻, 较为直观的钙化蓝细菌表明了凝块石是由蓝细菌主导的微生物膜或微生物席的沉淀、粘聚及早期石化作用的产物, 表明了凝块石与蓝细菌主导的微生物席复杂钙化作用之间有着十分密切的关系。本文为华南早奥陶世微生物礁中凝块石的形成机制及微生物礁向后生动物礁转变的过渡时期的研究提供了一个较为典型的实例。

Abstract

A set of microbial reef is developed in the Honghuayuan Formation at the Huanghuachang section in the Yichang, Hubei Province. The microbial reef contains well-preserved thrombolites, one of the important types of microbial carbonate (i. e. thrombolite) . Based on the previous studies on the reef-building role of the metazoan and metazoan communities in Early Ordovician reefs in South China, this paper mainly studied the formation mechanism of thrombolite in microbial reefs by combining the macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of microbial reef through fieldwork and sampling and indoor mill observation. The results showed that the microbial reefs of the Honghuayuan Formation in the Huanghuachang section are dominated by thrombolite, accompanied by a small number of metazoan fossils, such as Calathium , lithistid sponge, bryozoan, etc. This reef represents a special type of microbial reefs in the Early Ordovician, that is, the microbial reefs are dominated by microbial carbonate, and locally metazoan is involved in the reef formation which is a special type of reef in the transition process from microbial reefs to metazoan reefs. At the same time, a large number of calcified cyanobacterial fossils are found in the thrombolite, such as Gerwanella, Subtifloria and Nuia, and the more intuitive calcified cyanobacteria showed that the thrombolites are the products of sedimentation, aggregation and early petrification of biofilm or mats dominated by cyanobacteria, indicating that there was a very close relationship between thrombolite and the complex calcification of microbial mats dominated by cyanobacteria. This study provides a typical example for the study of the formation mechanism of thrombolite in the Early Ordovician microbial reefs in South China and the transition period from microbial reefs to metazoan reefs.

DOI	10.48014/cesr.20241011001
文章类型	研究性论文
收稿日期	2024-10-11
接收日期	2024-10-21
出版日期	2024-12-28
关键词	早奥陶世, 微生物礁, 凝块石, 钙化蓝细菌化石, 黄花场剖面, 华南板块
Keywords	Early Ordovician, Microbial Reef, Thrombolite, Calcified Cyanobacteria Fossils, Huanghuachang Section, South China Plate
作者	唐浩博
Author	TANG Haobo
所在单位	中国地质大学 (北京) 地球科学与资源学院, 北京 100083
Company	School of Earth Science and Resources, China University of Geosciences (Beijing) , Beijing 100083, China
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下载量	46
基金项目	本文得到了国家自然科学基金项目(41492090)“华北克拉通北缘寒武纪生物丘沉积组多样性研究”的资助
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引用本文	唐浩博. 华南早奥陶世微生物礁中的凝块石: 以宜昌黄花场剖面为例[J]. 中国地球科学评论, 2024, 3(4): 196-206.
Citation	TANG Haobo. Thrombolite in Early Ordovician microbial reef, South China: A case study of the Huanghuachang section in Yichang[J]. Chinese Earth Sciences Review, 2024, 3(4): 196-206.