120℃固化增韧环氧碳纤维织物复合材料是目前航空应用的主要结构材料, 针对大型复合材料制件蒙皮、隔板、肋、整流罩等典型结构使用120℃固化增韧环氧碳纤维织物复合材料的迫切需求, 依托国内前期复合材料的研究基础和积累的经验, 采用两步热熔法制备了120℃固化增韧环氧碳纤维织物复合材料, 确定了典型固化成型工艺参数, 对增韧树脂体系的DSC特性、红外光谱特征、流变性能等开展了研究, 验证了耐热性和固化成形工艺适应性, 评价了复合材料的物理性能、室温力学性能、韧性性能和高低温力学性能, 建立了较为完备的性能数据。研究结果表明, 制备的120℃固化增韧环氧碳纤维织物预浸料具有良好的工艺性, 树脂含量精度达到了±2%、纤维面密 度精度达到了±5%, 可适用于热压罐成型工艺, 满足了航空大尺寸制件成型对预浸料的控制要求。材料的玻璃化转变温度较高, 复合材料性能满足指标要求, 力学性能优异, 在高温湿热条件下保持了较高的拉伸性能和层间剪切性能, 耐湿热性良好, 综合性能优异。
The 120℃ curing toughened epoxy carbon fiber fabric composites are the main structural materials used in aviation at present. In view of the urgent need of using 120℃ curing toughened epoxy carbon fiber fabric composites for typical structures such as skin, partition, rib and fairing of large-scale composite materials, and relying on the research foundation and accumulated experience of domestic earlier composites, In this paper, 120℃ curing toughened epoxy carbon fiber fabric composites were prepared by two-step hot-melt method, the typical curing process parameters were determined, the DSC characteristics, IR spectra and rheological properties of toughened resin system were studied, the heat resistance and curing process adaptability were verified, and the physical properties, room temperature mechanical properties of the composites, the properties of toughness and high and low temperature mechanical properties were evaluated, and established relatively complete performance data. The results show that the prepreg prepared by curing toughened epoxy carbon fiber fabric at 120℃ has good technicality, the precision of resin content reaches±2% and the precision of fiber surface density reaches±5%. It can be applied to the forming process of hot-pressing pot, and meets the control requirements of the prepreg by the large-scale aeronautical molding. The glass transition temperature of the material is high, the properties of the composite meet the requirements of the index, the mechanical properties are excellent, the tensile properties and interlaminar shear properties are maintained at high temperature and humidity, the resistance to heat and humidity is good, and the comprehensive properties are excellent.