优化中小学课后服务, 是贯彻党的二十大精神, 落实“双减”政策, 坚持“五育”并举, 探索“五育”融合, 推动“五育”多样化、特色化发展的重要举措, 是由传统的应试教育走向质量教育的里程碑事件。为解决家长“三点半”难题, 增加人民群众的获得感和幸福感, 贵州越来越多的中小学开设丰富多彩的课后服务“成长类”课程和兴趣活动。近年来, 各地的“减负”政策文件接踵而至, 但中小学生的课业负担却没有明显的改善, “校内减压, 校外增负”、“唯分数论”等教育乱象积重难返。课题组经过长期的实地调研、走访典型案例、了解特殊个例并总结分析调研数据, 研究发现贵州中小学课后服务存在监督管理机制不健全、师资力量不充分、资源配置不完整、家长参与度不高等问题。基于多元合作的方法, 课题组提出建立健全的管理监督体系、提高教师的教育教学能力、优化课后教育资源配置、家校合作促发展等措施提升课后服务质量, 以期为政府部门、教育机构和家长提供决策参考和改进建议。

Optimizing after-school services for primary and secondary schools is an important initiative to carry out the spirit of the 20th Party Congress, implement the “double reduction” policy, adhere to the “five education” and explore the integration of the “five education”, and promote the diversified and distinctive development of the “five education”, and it is a milestone event in the transition from traditional examination- oriented education to quality education. In order to solve the problem of “three and a half hours” for parents and increase the people's sense of gain and happiness, more and more primary and secondary schools in Guizhou are offering colorful after-school services, “growth class” courses and interest activities. In recent years, around the “burden” policy documents one after another, but the burden of primary and secondary school students has not improved significantly, “school pressure, outside the school burden”, “only the theory of scores” and so on. The chaotic phenomenon of education has accumulated and is difficult to return. After a long period of field research, visiting typical cases, understanding special cases and summarizing and analyzing the research data, the research group found that there are problems such as unsound supervision and management mechanism, insufficient teachers' strength, incomplete resource allocation, and low parental participation in Guizhou's primary and secondary school after-school services. Based on the multifaceted and collaborative approach, the research group proposes measures to improve the quality of after-school services, such as establishing a sound management and supervision system, improving teachers' teaching and learning abilities, optimizing the allocation of after-school education resources, and promoting the development of co-operation between home and school, with a view to providing decision-making references and suggestions for improvement to the governmental departments, educational institutions and parents.