儒家经学向来是古代科举衡文取士的主要内容, 而科举考试考查经学的门类和范围又对士人习经研学产生明显的诱导作用。明清科举采取士人在五经书中择取一经作为本经应举的专经试士模式, 不仅有着久远的制度渊源和历史沿革, 而且在实施运行中也产生了分经阅卷规制。为了更好地选拔官员, 维护封建统治, 基于专经试士长期运行所衍生的众多弊端, 清廷采取了试经模式改革, 变专经试士为五经并试。这一试经模式的改革调整, 给新时代推进高考综合改革具有重要而独特的历史镜鉴价值。

Confucianism has always been the main content of the ancient imperial examinations, and the types and scope of the examination of classics have had a significant role in inducing scholars to study the classics. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the imperial examinations adopted the mode of selecting one of the five classics as the special classics examination, which not only had a long institutional origin and historical evolution, but also produced the system of marking the classics in the implementation of the operation. In order to better select officials and maintain the feudal rule, based on the numerous disadvantages derived from the long-term operation of the special scripture test, the Qing court adopted the reform. of the mode of trying classics, changing the special scripture test for the five classics and test. This reform. and adjustment of this trial mode has an important and unique historical mirror value for promoting the comprehensive reform. of the college entrance examination in the new era.